Ukushisa Okungaphansi Kokushisa Noma Okungaphezu Kokushisa? Thola Futhi Ulungise Ukwehluleka Kokuthungwa Kwe-Zirconia

Usebenzisa uhlelo olufanayo lokusila kabili. Iqoqo elifanayo le-zirconia. Izilungiselelo ezifanayo zesithando somlilo. Kodwa imiphumela ayifani kakhulu—ingxenye eyodwa iphuma nokubukeka okufiphele, okufana ne-chalk okungenakho konke ukukhanya, kanti enye iphuma ingwevu emnyama enobucwebe obungavamile futhi ngeke ihlale kahle. Kwenzekeni nje?

Impendulo itholakala emqondweni oqondwa kakhulu amalabhorethri amaningi: izinga lokushisa elishisayo aligcini nje ngokwenza i-zirconia ibe nzima. Kuyinguquko ephakathi elawula ukukhanya, amandla, kanye nokunemba konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Futhi uma kungahambi kahle, ukwehluleka kungabonakala kuhluke ngokuphelele kuye ngokuthi kuhambe kanjani kabi.

Ukushiswa kweZirconia: Izimpawu Nezimbangela Zokushiswa Okungaphansi Kokushisa vs. Ukushiswa Okungaphezu Kokushisa

Cabanga ngokuthulula i-zirconia njengokupheka amadombolo. Thola ukushisa okufanele, bese uthola umkhiqizo wokugcina ophelele. Kodwa uma ukushisa kwakho kuphansi kakhulu noma kuphezulu kakhulu, ugcina unezinkinga ezihluke ngokuphelele—futhi zidinga ukulungiswa okuphambene ngokuphelele.

Cabanga ngama-dumpling abilayo ku-80°C esikhundleni se-100°C. Awapheki kahle. Ingaphandle lingase liqine kancane, kodwa ingaphakathi lihlala liluhlaza futhi liyinhlama. Ukushisa okungaphansi kwe-zirconia kusebenza ngendlela efanayo.

Isiginesha Esibonakalayo: Umqhele Omhlophe

Umqhele ubonakala unothuli, ufana nempuphu, awunawo nhlobo amandla okudlulisa ukukhanya. Ubukeka njengetshoki elimhlophe noma i-porcelain efakwe iqhwa kakhulu. Ubuso bungase buzwakale buqinile noma bunezimbobo uma buthintwa. Akukho "kuphila" kule nto—ibukeka iyisicaba futhi ingenampilo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umbala webala owufakile unjani.

Inkinga Yosayizi: Umqhele Mkhulu Kakhulu

Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo yokusila ayizange ifike ekugcineni, izinhlayiya ze-zirconia azizange zihlangane ndawonye. Umqhele ugcine umthamo wawo wokuqala—awuzange unciphe ngokwanele. Uma isiguli siwuzama, uyakhululeka, uyajikeleza, noma awuhlali kahle ekulungiseleleni. Ubheke ukwenziwa kabusha.

Kwenzekani Ngempela Ngaphakathi (Isayensi)

Ezingeni le-microscopic, i-zirconia igcwele ama-air pocket amancane—lokho ososayensi abakubiza ngokuthi i-microporosity . Cabanga ngakho njengesiponji. Lezi zigidi zezindawo ezincane zisakaza ukukhanya ngamandla, zikuvimbela ukuthi kudlule ngendlela ehlanzekile. Ukukhanya kuyagxuma futhi kukhanye kuzo zonke lezo zindawo zangaphakathi esikhundleni sokuhamba ngqo. Yingakho umqhele ubukeka sengathi umhlophe—akuyona inkinga yokungacaci kwangempela, ukuhlakazeka kokukhanya.

  Manje cabanga ngokubilisa lawo ma-dumpling afanayo ku-120°C isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ingaphandle liyaqina futhi lishwabane, ukugcwaliswa kuyavuza, bese yonke into iyawa. Ukuthungwa kuyashintsha kakhulu. Ukushisa ngokweqile kwe-zirconia kudala inhlekelele ehlukile.

Isiginesha Esibonakalayo: Umqhele Ompunga Omnyama

Umqhele uvela ngokubukeka okumpunga okumnyama noma okunsundu okunodaka. Unombala okhanyayo (ungabona ukukhanya kudlula), kodwa umbala awulungile—uthulisiwe, uhlanziwe, noma ushintshelwe emibala empunga. Ubuso bungase bubonakale bubushelelezi kodwa abunawo amandla okukhanya komqhele ocwebezelisiwe kahle. Imibala yamabala efakwa ngaphambi kokudubula ibukeka ihluke ngokuphelele kunokulindelekile.

Inkinga Yosayizi: Umqhele Mncane Kakhulu

Ukushisa ngokweqile kubangela ukuncipha ngokweqile. I-zirconia incipha kakhulu ngesikhathi sokupholisa. Umqhele uphuma umncane kakhulu kunalokho okufanele ube yikho. Ngeke ulingane nokulungiswa—uma uqine kakhulu, noma uhlezi endaweni eqondile engafanele. Futhi, uphinda ukhweze noma uphinda wenze.

Kwenzekani Ngempela Ngaphakathi (Isayensi)

Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izinhlamvu ze-zirconia azihlanganisi nje kuphela—zihlanganisa ngokweqile . Izinhlayiya ezikristalu ngazinye zikhula zibe zinkulu ngendlela engavamile, inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukukhula kokusanhlamvu . Lapho izinhlamvu ziba zinkulu kakhulu, inkomba yokubona (indlela ukukhanya okugoba ngayo phakathi kwezinto) ishintsha ngokungalindelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukushisa ngokweqile kungabangela ushintsho lwesigaba lapho ezinye ze-zirconia ziguquka kusuka esigabeni se-tetragonal ziye esigabeni se-monoclinic—ushintsho olunciphisa ukuqina futhi lungabangela ukuqhekeka okuncane. Umqhele ubukeka umpunga ngoba ukukhanya akusahlangani njalo—kusatshalaliswa yile mingcele emisha yokusanhlamvu kanye nezinguquko zesigaba.

Nasi ithebula elisheshayo lokuxilonga ukukusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi yikuphi ukwehluleka obhekene nakho :

Isithando Somlilo Sithi 1530°C—Pho Kungani Imiqhele Yakho Ingaphelele?

Nakhu lapho amalabhorethri amaningi ekhungatheka khona. Isibonisi sakho sesithando sifundeka ngo-1530°C njalo. Awukashintshi noma yiziphi izilungiselelo. Kodwa ngokuzumayo, amaqoqo aphuma engashiswanga kahle noma eshiswa ngokweqile. Kwenzekani?

Inkinga Yangempela: I-Thermocouple Yakho Ingase Iqambe Amanga

Isibonisi sifunda lokho okushiwo yi- thermocouple (inzwa yokushisa). Kodwa ama-thermocouple ayaguga. Ngemva kwezinyanga noma iminyaka yokusetshenziswa, kancane kancane alahlekelwa ukunemba kokulinganisa. Iphaneli ingase ibonise u-1530°C kuyilapho izinga lokushisa langempela ngaphakathi kwesithando lingu-1480°C kuphela—noma lingase lisebenze ku-1560°C futhi awusoze wazi. Lokhu kushintshashintsha okungu-50°C kwanele ukukushintsha kusuka ekushiseni okuphelele kuya ekuhlulekeni okuphelele.

Icala Lesibili: Lapho Ubeka khona i-Zirconia

Amakamelo esithando awashisi ngokulinganayo. Isikhungo ngokuvamile sishisa kakhulu kunemiphetho. Uma i-thermocouple izwa izinga lokushisa esikhungweni segumbi kodwa ulayisha i-zirconia eduze komphetho, izingcezu zithola izinga lokushisa eliphansi elisebenzayo. Ngokufanayo, uma i-crucible yakho ibekwe kabi, ukuhamba komoya okuzungezile kuyashintsha, kudala izindawo ezifile ezinokujikeleza kokushisa okubi.

Inkinga Yesivinini Sokushisa

Ngisho noma isithando somlilo sifinyelela ku-1530°C, uma sifika lapho ngokushesha kakhulu (isivinini sokuhamba esinamandla kakhulu), ubuso bangaphandle be-zirconia yakho bungasha ngokuphelele kuyilapho ingaphakathi lihlala lipholile futhi lingashisi ngokwanele. Ugcina ucezu olushisiwe kancane—ingaphandle libukeka lilungile, kodwa ngaphakathi lisalokhu linezimbobo futhi libuthakathaka.

Ukulawula Kabusha: Indlela Yokufinyelela Ukunemba Kwangempela Kwezinga Lokushisa

Ukukholwa okungaboni kahle esibukweni sakho sesithando ngeke kuyixazulule le nkinga. Izindaba ezinhle? Ungaqinisekisa futhi uyilungise ngamasu ambalwa asebenzayo.

Indlela 1: Ukuqapha Izinga Lokushisa Lomzimba (Okunembe Kakhulu)

Sebenzisa indandatho yokulinganisa ye-PTCR (Positive Temperature Coefficient) noma isampula efanayo yokubhekisela. Lena indandatho ye-zirconia eyenziwe ngokukhethekile encipha ibe ububanzi obaziwayo, obubikezelwayo emazingeni okushisa athile.

Nakhu ukuthi kusebenza kanjani:

•   Beka indandatho ye-PTCR esithandweni sakho (esiphakathi ekamelweni) eceleni kweqoqo lakho elijwayelekile.

•   Sebenzisa umjikelezo ophelele wokuhlanza usebenzisa uhlelo lwakho olujwayelekile.

•   Ngemva kokupholisa, kala ububanzi bendandatho ye-PTCR ecijile ngama-caliper.

•   Qhathanisa ububanzi obulinganisiwe neshadi lokubhekisela lomenzi. Lokhu kukutshela izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu lesithando sakho esikufinyelelwe ngempela.

Le ndlela idlula ngokuphelele i-thermocouple. Ulinganisa iqiniso elingokoqobo, hhayi ukufundwa kwe-elekthronikhi.

Indlela 2: Indlela Yokuqhathanisa Okubonakalayo

Gcina isampula yokubhekisela—umqhele noma ibhlogo elicwebezelisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezaziwayo eziphelele. Uma uqhumisa ibhetshi elisha, qhathanisa ukubukeka okubonakalayo (ukukhanya, ukugcwala kombala, ukuqeda kobuso) ngqo ngokumelene nale nqubo yokubhekisela. Uma izingcezu zakho ezintsha zibukeka zihlukile ngokuphawulekayo, izinga lokushisa cishe liphansi.

Le ndlela ayiqondile kangako kunesilinganiso se-PTCR, kodwa iyashesha futhi ibamba ukuphambuka okukhulu.

Indlela 3: Iphrothokholi Yokulungisa Okuvamile

Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa akwenzeki ngokuzumayo. Kukhuphuka kancane kancane emavikini nasezinyangeni. Kuvimbele ngokuthi:

•   Ukusebenzisa indandatho yokulinganisa ye-PTCR nyanga zonke. Qopha ububanzi obulinganisiwe isikhathi ngasinye. Uzobona ukugeleza kokulinganisa ngaphambi kokuba kubhidlize amaqoqo.

•   Ukuhlola ukuvalwa kwegumbi lesithando. Imifantu noma izivalo ezikhululekile zivumela ukushisa ukuba kuphume ngokungalingani.

•   Ukuhlola ijika lakho lokushisa (isilinganiso serempu). Qiniseka ukuthi awukhuphuki ngamandla kakhulu, okungadala ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi/ngaphandle ngaphakathi kwe-zirconia.

Ukulawula Izinga Lokushisa Kuqhuba Ukuthembeka Kokukhiqiza

Njalo uma umqhele uphuma ungakaqediwe kahle noma uphelelwe yisikhathi, umelela imali engenayo elahlekile—umsebenzi omusha, imisebenzi esheshayo, ukunganeliseki kweziguli okungenzeka. Kodwa lokhu kwehluleka kungavinjelwa ngokuphelele ngemikhuba efanele yokuqapha.

Amalabhorethri asebenza kahle kakhulu ekukhiqizeni i-zirconia awakwenzi ngenhlanhla.

•   Yazi ukuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani ngokubona ukudubula okungaphansi kokudubula okukhulu nokudubula ngokweqile ngokushesha

•   Qinisekisa izinga lokushisa lesithando sabo njalo ngenyanga ngamasampula abonakalayo, hhayi nje ukufundwa kokubonisa

•   Nginezinqubo zokuxazulula izinkinga ezibhalwe phansi ukuze ochwepheshe bazi kahle ukuthi benzeni uma iqembu lehluleka

Ukunemba akuyinkimbinkimbi. Kumane nje kuwukungaguquguquki—nokuzimisela ukuqinisekisa esikhundleni sokucabanga.

Ukulungele Ukuqeda Ukwehluleka Kokuhlanzwa Kwezinto Ezingcolile?

Uma ilabhorethri yakho ibhekene nokuphindaphinda kwamaqoqo angasebenzi kahle noma asebenza ngokweqile, singathanda ukukusiza ukuthi uhlole imbangela. Ithimba lethu lisebenze namakhulu amalabhorethri abhekene nalezi zinselele, futhi siyazi ukuthi yimiphi imibuzo okufanele siyibuze ukuze sithole ukuthi ngabe ukukhukhuleka kwe-thermocouple, ukulinganiselwa komklamo wesithando, noma izinkinga ezihlobene nobuchwepheshe.

Sinikeza:

•   Ukubonisana ngobuchwepheshe mayelana nokulinganiswa kwezinga lokushisa kwesithando kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuthungwa kwe-sintering

•   Izixazululo zesithando sokushisa eziklanyelwe ngqo izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-zirconia, ezinezici zokushisa ezithuthukisiwe kanye nokuqina

•   Ukufinyelela isisekelo sethu solwazi oluphelele mayelana nokusebenza kwesithando samazinyo kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga

Lesi sihloko siyingxenye yochungechunge lwethu mayelana nokuxazulula izinkinga zesitofu samazinyo. Ukuze uthole izinkinga ezivame kakhulu kanye nezixazululo ezisebenzayo, bheka: Izinkinga Ezivamile Nezixazululo Ekushiseni Isithando Somlilo Samazinyo